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元末明初青花四愛紋梅瓶
发布时间: 2019-07-23 10:08:00 16458 次浏览

前至元十五年(西元1278年)元政府於景德鎮設立浮梁磁局專司燒造一事,朝廷御用與賞賜外銷瓷器皆由其所出。蒙元之世,朝廷與中西亞地區政治經貿往來最為密切,尤其元文宗登基之後,兩地文化互動交流成就斐然。彼處先進工藝亦為中原所汲取,其中瓷器一項尤為顯著。元·許有壬《至正集》卷九“馬合馬沙碑文”載:“西域有國,大食故壤,地產異珍,戶饒良匠。匠給將作,以實內帑。”此文獻揭示當時的浮梁磁局有波斯的工匠參與瓷器的燒造,提供重要的技術支持。此時在波斯陶器上廣泛使用已逾三百年之久的鈷藍料傳至景德鎮,與本土得天獨厚的燒瓷技術相結合,遂成享譽四海的元青花瓷器,鑄就中國陶瓷史上璀璨奪目之華麗篇章。
元青花瓷器最初燒造多應波斯地區(西亞伊利汗國)王公貴族之需,造型、紋飾、功用皆依自彼地之風俗而定,一改宋瓷影青之纖薄小巧,雋秀素雅之風格,往往以器形巨碩雄健著稱,其中梅瓶一類堪稱代表。
本品俊秀挺拔,胎質厚重堅致,釉質溫潤泛青,其蓋為覆杯型,中置寶珠鈕,外繪六瓣覆蓮瓣紋,佈局疏朗。在宋元明三朝,梅瓶為實用器皿,多為盛酒之用,故燒造同時必配瓷蓋,而清代則以之為陳設或插花之用,故不需燒造蓋子。繪四愛人物圖,即王羲之愛鵝、陶淵明愛菊、周敦頤愛蓮、林和靖愛梅鶴,描繪了古代名士悠然自得的風度與超凡脫俗的情操。這一題材自元代始,流傳不斷,是歷代最為經典的青花瓷器紋飾之一。

Before the yuan fifteen years (AD 1278) Yuan government established in Jingdezhen Fuliang Bureau in a magnetic charge, the court of Queen and reward by the export porcelain. Mongolia Yuan world court and West Asia political economic and trade exchanges most closely, especially after two yuan Wenzong reign, culture exchange achievements. The advanced technology is also absorbed by the Central Plains, especially the porcelain. Xu Yuan - my "to set" volume nine "horse Misha inscription" set: "there is a large western country, so soil, estate isopropyl, Rao Liang Jiang hu. Who will give, to within the treasury." This paper reveals the Fuliang magnetic bureau at the time of Persian artisans in porcelain Shaozao, provide important technical support. At this time in the Persian pottery is widely used for more than three hundred years to Jingdezhen and the local cobalt material, the combination of porcelain richly endowed by nature, has become a world-renowned yuan blue and white porcelain, ceramic history of Chinese cast dazzling gorgeous.
Blue and white porcelain in the yuan should be initially firing Persian region (West Yili Khanate) the nobles to design and decoration, all depending on the function of self and other customs, a porcelain green shadow of slim compact style, elegant Juanxiu, often in the shape of the vase with huge for a class as one of the representative.
This product is beautiful, Taizhi Kennedy thick enamel, moist Fanqing, its cover is a cover cup type, mid pearl button outside painted six petal lotus petals cover, layout lichtung. In the Song Yuan Ming three dynasties, as the practical utensils for bottles, wine, and so Shaozao must be equipped with a porcelain cover, and the Qing Dynasty to the furnishings or flower arrangement, it is not necessary for firing the lid. The figure painting, namely Wang Xizhi, Tao Yuanming, Zhou Dunyi love goose Aiju Eileen, Lin Hejing love meI crane, depicting the ancient celebrities demeanor and carefree and content of otherworldly sentiments. This subject is one of the most classic blue and white porcelain ornamentation from the Yuan Dynasty.